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Sepsis-2
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Sepsis-3
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Sepsis-2 and sepsis-3
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Sepsis-2 and no sepsis-3
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No sepsis-2 and sepsis-3
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No sepsis-2 and no sepsis-3
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Variables
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n = 530
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n = 569
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n = 501
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n = 29
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n = 68
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n = 20
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|---|
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Age at admission (year)
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72 (60–81)
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72 (60–81)
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73 (61–81)
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69 (57–75)
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66 (57–81)
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70 (55–79)
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Gender (male)
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299 (56.4)
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318 (55.9)
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281 (56.1)
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18 (62.1)
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37 (54.4)
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13 (65.0)
|
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BMI (kg/m2)
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21.8 (19.4–24.3)
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21.9 (19.3–24.3)
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21.9 (19.5–24.3)
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21.3 (19.3–24.2)
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21.8 (18.3–24.2)
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23.4 (19.2–26.3)
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Admission source
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Emergency department
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304 (57.4)
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317 (55.7)
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285 (56.9)
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19 (65.5)
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32 (47.1)
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14 (70.0)
|
|
Non–ED (hospital/dept. transfers)
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204 (38.5)
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230 (40.4)
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200 (39.9)
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4 (13.8)
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30 (44.1)
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2 (10.0)
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Intensive care unit
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22 (4.2)
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22 (3.9)
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16 (3.2)
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6 (20.7)
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6 (8.8)
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4 (20.0)
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Charlson comorbidity index
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0
|
156 (29.4)
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169 (29.7)
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147 (29.3)
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9 (31.0)
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22 (32.3)
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8 (40.0)
|
|
1–2
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227 (42.8)
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249 (43.8)
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214 (42.7)
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13 (44.8)
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35 (51.5)
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8 (40.0)
|
|
3–4
|
104 (19.6)
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105 (18.5)
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99 (19.8)
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5 (17.2)
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6 (8.8)
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2 (10.0)
|
|
> 4
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43 (8.1)
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46 (8.1)
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41 (8.2)
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2 (6.9)
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5 (7.4)
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2 (10.0)
|
|
Clinical Frailty Scale
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Fit (CFS 1–3)
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269 (50.9)
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289 (50.8)
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249 (49.8)
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20 (71.4)
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40 (58.8)
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12 (60.0)
|
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Pre–frail (CFS 4)
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90 (17.0)
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100 (17.6)
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89 (17.8)
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1 (3.6)
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11 (16.2)
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4 (20.0)
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Frail (CFS 5–9)
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169 (32.0)
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179 (31.5)
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162 (32.4)
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87(25.0)
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17 (25.0)
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4 (20.0)
|
|
Immuno–insufficiency at APACHE II
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110 (20.8)
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111 (19.6)
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101 (20.2)
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9 (31.0)
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10 (14.9)
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3 (15.0)
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|
Baseline SOFA for sepsis-3
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0 (0–1)
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0 (0–1)
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0 (0–1)
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4 (0–8)
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0 (0–0)
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1 (0–3)
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|
Glasgow Coma Scale
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12 (7–14)
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12 (7–15)
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11 (7–14)
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14 (11–15)
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14 (10–15)
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15 (14–15)
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|
Intubated
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225 (42.6)
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226 (39.7)
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212 (42.3)
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13 (44.8)
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14 (20.6)
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5 (26.3)
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|
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
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102 (82–126)
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105 (84–128)
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101 (82–125)
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122 (107–143)
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122 (107–141)
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123 (111–143)
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|
Heat rate (/min)
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107 (90–124)
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107 (89–122)
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108 (91–124)
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93 (82–108)
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90 (80–108)
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90 (79–106)
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|
Respiratory rate (/min)
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24 (19–30)
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24 (19–30)
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24 (19–30)
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19 (17–24)
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20 (18–26)
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20 (19–25)
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|
Body temperature (°C)
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37.3 (36.5–38.5)
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37.4 (36.5–38.4)
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37.4 (36.5–38.5)
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37.1 (36.3–38.5)
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37.5 (36.8–38.3)
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37.7 (36.7–38.3)
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Lactate (mmol/L)
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2.9 (1.7–4.9)
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2.7 (1.5–4.7)
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3.1 (1.7–5.1)
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2.1 (1.4–2.9)
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1.2 (0.9–1.8)
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1.0 (0.9–1.6)
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Positive blood cultures
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252 (50.0)
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261 (48.4)
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245 (51.3)
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7 (26.9)
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16 (23.5)
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4 (23.5)
|
|
Site of infection
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Lung
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200 (37.7)
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208 (36.6)
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192 (38.3)
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8 (27.6)
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16 (23.5)
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8 (40.0)
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Abdomen
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111 (20.9)
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119 (20.9)
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101 (20.2)
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10 (34.5)
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18 (26.5)
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2 (10.0)
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Urinary tract
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91 (17.2)
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101 (17.8)
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89 (17.8)
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2 (6.9)
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12 (17.7)
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3 (15.0)
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Soft tissue
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65 (12.3)
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70 (12.3)
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60 (12.0)
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5 (17.2)
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10 (14.7)
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6 (30.0)
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Central nervous system
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11 (2.1)
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13 (2.3)
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10 (2.0)
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1 (3.5)
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3 (4.4)
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1 (5.0)
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Intravenous catheter
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4 (0.8)
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4 (0.7)
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4 (0.8)
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0
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0
|
0
|
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Osteoarticular
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4 (0.8)
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6 (1.1)
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4 (0.8)
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0
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2 (2.9)
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0
|
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Endocardium
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1 (0.2)
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1 (0.2)
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1 (0.2)
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0
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0
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0
|
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Wound
|
5 (0.9)
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5 (0.9)
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4 (0.8)
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1 (3.5)
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1 (1.5)
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0
|
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Implant device
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2 (0.4)
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2 (0.4)
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2 (0.4)
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0
|
0
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0
|
|
Other
|
14 (2.6)
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16 (2.8)
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13 (2.6)
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1 (3.5)
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3 (4.4)
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0
|
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Unidentified
|
22 (4.2)
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24 (4.2)
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21 (4.2)
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1 (3.5)
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3 (4.4)
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0
|
|
Organ dysfunction on arrival
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Acute lung injury with pneumonia
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127 (24.0)
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124 (21.8)
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124 (24.8)
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3 (10.3)
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0
|
0
|
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Acute lung injury without pneumonia
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96 (18.2)
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99 (17.5)
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94 (18.8)
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2 (7.1)
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5 (7.4)
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0
|
|
ARDS (Berlin criteria)
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57 (10.9)
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60 (10.7)
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56 (11.3)
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1 (3.6)
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4 (6.0)
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0
|
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Mechanical ventilation use
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227 (43.0)
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230 (40.6)
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215 (43.1)
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12 (41.4)
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15 (22.1)
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4 (22.2)
|
|
Urine output (ml/24 h)
|
896 (404–1488)
|
910 (407–1503)
|
873 (395–1440)
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1220 (787–1767)
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1147 (723–1770)
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1300 (930–1830)
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|
Oliguria
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238 (45.1)
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231 (40.8)
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226 (45.3)
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12 (41.4)
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5 (7.4)
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3 (15.0)
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|
Acute kidney injury in APACHE II
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257 (48.7)
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263 (46.4)
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251 (50.3)
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6 (20.7)
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12 (17.7)
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0
|
|
Sepsis-2 shock criteria
|
297 (56.0)
|
288 (50.6)
|
288 (57.5)
|
9 (31.0)
|
0
|
0
|
|
Sepsis-3 shock criteria
|
108 (20.4)
|
107 (18.8)
|
106 (21.2)
|
2 (6.9)
|
1 (1.5)
|
0
|
|
SIRS ≥ 2
| |
530 (100)
|
549 (96.5)
|
501 (100)
|
29 (100)
|
48 (70.6)
|
14 (70.0)
|
|
qSOFA ≥ 2
| |
345 (65.1)
|
356 (62.6)
|
336 (67.1)
|
9 (31.0)
|
20 (29.4)
|
3 (15.0)
|
|
SOFA score
| |
8 (5–11)
|
8 (5–11)
|
8 (6–11)
|
5 (1–8)
|
4 (3–5)
|
1 (1–2)
|
|
APACHE II score
| |
21 (15–28)
|
20 (15–27)
|
21 (16–28)
|
13 (10–18)
|
14 (10–17)
|
11 (7–14)
|
- Reported counts (proportions) for categorical variables and median (interquartile range) for continuous variables
- Missing; BMI = 5; Clinical Frailty Scale = 2; Immuno-insufficiency at APACHE II = 3; Intubation = 1; Systolic blood pressure = 2; Heart rate = 1; Body temperature = 1; Lactate = 14; Blood culture = 36; Acute lung injury without pneumonia = 3; ARDS = 9; Mechanical ventilation use = 4; Urine output = 36; Oliguria = 2; Acute kidney injury at APACHE II = 2
- BMI body mass index, ED emergency department, ICU intensive care unit, CFS Clinical Frailty Scale, APACHE II Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II, SOFA sequential (sepsis–related) organ failure assessment, WBC white blood cell, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, SIRS systemic inflammatory response syndrome
